摘 要
本片设计方案主要是利用单片机AT89C51实现对伺服电机的匀速及变速操控。又称随动系统。
关键词 AT89C51单片机 伺服电机 速度操控方法 位置操控方法
. Abstract
The film design is the use of SCM AT89C51 achieve the uniform and the servo motor speed control, and tested in a computer color jet printing machine has been on the jet printing process to achieve a smooth control, and can precisely control jet printing location.
Servo motor control in the servo system mechanical components operation of the engine. Motor is a kind of indirect subsidy speed devices. Also known as the Executive Motor, in the automatic control system that is used for the implementation of components of the received signal into motor axis angular velocity or displacement output. DC and AC divided into two categories servo motor, and its main feature is that, when the signal voltage zero without rotation phenomenon, the increase in speed and torque with the decline in uniform.
Role: servo motors, can control the speed, location accuracy is very accurate.
Into a DC servo motor brush and brushless motor.
Brush Motor low cost, simple structure, starting torque, speed range, and easy to control, the need to protect, but easy maintenance (F Brush), resulting in electromagnetic interference, on the environment is required. Therefore it can be used for cost-sensitive industrial and civil ordinary occasions.
Brushless motor small size, light weight, output, fast response, high-speed, inertia of small, smooth rotation, torque stability. Control complex, easy to implement intelligent, and its electronic commutation is flexible, square wave commutation or sinusoidal commutation. Motor maintenance-free, high efficiency, low operating temperature, electromagnetic radiation small, long-life, can be used for various environmental.
AC servo motor brushless motor is divided into synchronous and asynchronous motors, motion control in general use synchronous motor, the scope of its power, can do great power. The inertia of the maximum rotational velocity is low, and with the rapid increase of power reduced. Thus suitable for low-speed applications running smoothly.
MCS51 control system uses a series of SCM AT89C51 as processor system, up to 12 MHz clock, and computing speed, improved control functions, with its internal 128 bytes of RAM and 4 KB of internal EPROM have no need of expansion memory, the overall structure of the system more simple and practical.
AT89C51 is a flicker with 4K bytes can be programmable EEPROM (FPEROM-Flash Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory), low-voltage, high-performance CMOS8-bit microprocessor, commonly known as SCM. AT89C2051 is a flicker with 2 K bytes EEPROM can be programmable MCU. SCM can be EEPROM can be erased repeated 100 times. The device is ATMEL manufacture high-density non-volatile memory technology, and industry-standard instruction set MCS-51 compatible and output pins. Due to the eight-CPU and flash memory portfolio in a single chip, ATMEL the AT89C51 is an efficient microcontrollers, AT89C2051 is a streamlined version of it. AT89C MCU for many embedded control system provides a more flexible and inexpensive options.
Key words:AT89C51 SCM servo motor speed control position control mode
伺服系统
用来精确地跟随或复现某个过程的反馈操控系统。AT89C单片机为很多嵌入式操控系统提供了一种灵活性高且价廉的方案。由于将多功能8位CPU和闪烁存储器组合在单个芯片中,ATMEL的AT89C51是一种高效微操控器,AT89C2051是它的一种精简版本。
操控系统采用MCS51系列单片机AT89C51作为处理器系统,与工业标准的MCS-51指令集和输出管脚相兼容。因而适合做低速平稳运行的应用。
目 录
第一章 绪论 1
第二章 总体设计方案确定 6
2.1 引言 6
2.2 伺服系统 6
2.3 AT89C51内部结构与功能 7
2.3.1 AT89C51主要性能 7
2.3.2 AT89C51的结构 8
2.3.3 AT89C51的引脚说明 8
2.4 振荡器和专用寄存器功能 9
2.4.1振荡器特征 9
2.4.2专用功能寄存器（SFR） 10
2.5 指令约束条件和CPU的工作方法 10
2.5.1 指令约束条件 10
2.5.2 程序存储器加密位 11
2.5.3 CPU工作方法 11
2.6 脉冲编码器 12
第三章 系统硬件设计 16
3.1 操控系统设计 16
3.2 单片机操控器的硬件设计 18
3.3 伺服交流电动机参数设定 20
3.4 交流伺服驱动设备 21
(优秀毕业设计网 )
第四章 系统软件设计 23
4.1 流程图设计及计算 23
4.2 显示程序 25
4.3 操控主程序 29
4.4 速度操控子程序 38
4.5 系统总程序 39
第五章 总 结 53
致 谢 54
参考文献 55
附录 56